(2) Kareem Al-Badri (University of Technology-Iraq, Iraq)
(3) Huthaifa Al-Khazraji (University of Technology-Iraq, Iraq)
(4) Safanah M. Ra'afat (University of Technology- Iraq, Iraq)
*corresponding author
AbstractThis paper presents a comparative performance examination between designing backstepping control (BSC) and synergetic control (SC) for an interconnected twin-tanks system. The controller is used to maintain the liquid level in the tank at the desired value by manipulating the input flow rate. The nonlinear dynamics of the twin-tanks system is established first. Then, based on the nonlinear dynamics of the system, the control law of the BSC and the SC are developed. The two controllers cooperate with the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) for further improvement of the control design performance by tuning the design parameters of each controller. GOA has strong searchability for optimal solution and it has been successfully used to solve several optimization problems in numerous fields. Finally, the performance and the significance of each controlled system for two case studies (normal operation and under external disturbance) are examined based on MATLAB software. The simulation data shows that the BSC gives better performance than the SC.
KeywordsNonlinear Control; Backstepping Control; Synergetic Control; Twin-Tanks System; Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm
|
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.31763/ijrcs.v4i4.1682 |
Article metrics10.31763/ijrcs.v4i4.1682 Abstract views : 44 | PDF views : 9 |
Cite |
Full TextDownload |
References
[1] H. Gouta, S. H. Said, N. Barhoumi, and F. M'Sahli, "Observer-based backstepping controller for a state-coupled two-tank system," IETE Journal of Research, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 259-268, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2015.1018846.
[2] H. Pan, H. Wong, V. Kapila, and M. S. de Queiroz, "Experimental validation of a nonlinear backstepping liquid level controller for a state coupled two tank system," Control Engineering Practice, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 27-40, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2003.12.019.
[3] M. A. Fellani and A. M. Gabaj, "PID controller design for two tanks liquid level control system using Matlab," International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 5, no. 3, p. 436, 2015, http://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i3.pp436-442.
[4] S. Chauhan, B. Singh, and M. Singh, "Modified ant colony optimization based PID controller design for coupled tank system," Engineering Research Express, vol. 3, no. 4, p. 045005, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ac2bf3.
[5] T. L. Mien, "Liquid level control of coupled-tank system using fuzzy-PID controller," International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 459-464, 2017, https://www.ijert.org/liquid-level-control-of-coupled-tank-system-using-fuzzy-pid-controller.
[6] T. Toms and D. Hepsiba, "Comparison of PID controller with a sliding mode controller for a coupled tank system," International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 151-154, 2014, https://www.ijert.org/research/comparison-of-pid-controller-with-a-sliding-mode-controller-for-a-coupled-tank-system-IJERTV3IS20135.pdf.
[7] B. J. Parvat, V. K. Jadhav, and N. N. Lokhande, "Design and implementation of sliding mode controller for level control," IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 2, pp. 51-54, 2012, https://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jece/papers/sicete-volume1/12.pdf.
[8] G. Nandhinipriyanka, S. Ishwarya, S. Janakiraman, C. S. Thana, and P. Vaishali, "Design of model reference adaptive controller for cylinder tank system," International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 118, no. 20, pp. 2007-2013, 2018, https://acadpubl.eu/jsi/2018-118-20/articles/20c/93.pdf.
[9] H. Delavari and A. R. Noiey, "Genetic-based Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control of an Interconnected Twin-Tanks," EUROCON 2007 - The International Conference on "Computer as a Tool", pp. 714-719, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1109/EURCON.2007.4400597.
[10] M. U. Khalid and M. B. Kadri, "Liquid level control of nonlinear Coupled Tanks System using linear model predictive control," 2012 International Conference on Emerging Technologies, pp. 1-5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2012.6375434.
[11] Y. D. Mfoumboulou, "Design of a model reference adaptive PID control algorithm for a tank system," International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 300-318, 2021, http://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp300-318.
[12] H. Delavari, R. Ghaderi, A. Ranjbar, and S. Momani, "Fuzzy fractional order sliding mode controller for nonlinear systems," Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 963-978, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2009.05.025.
[13] Z. N. Mahmood, H. Al-Khazraji, and S. M. Mahdi, "PID-based enhanced flower pollination algorithm controller for drilling process in a composite material," Annales de Chimie. Science des Materiaux, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 91-96, 2023, https://doi.org/10.18280/acsm.470205.
[14] H. Al-Khazraji, C. Cole, and W. Guo, "Dynamics analysis of a production-inventory control system with two pipelines feedback," Kybernetes, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1632-1653, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1108/K-04-2017-0122.
[15] R. M. Naji, H. Dulaimi, and H. Al-Khazraji, "An optimized PID controller using enhanced bat algorithm in drilling processes," Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 767-772, 2024, https://doi.org/10.18280/jesa.570314.
[16] M. A. Al-Ali, O. F. Lutfy, and H. Al-Khazraj, "Investigation of optimal controllers on dynamics performance of nonlinear active suspension systems with actuator saturation," Journal of Robotics and Control, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1041-1049, 2024, https://doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v5i4.22139.
[17] V. I. Lachin, V. S. Elsukov and M. N. Mustafa, "Synthesis of robust automatic control system of electromagnetic bearings," 2015 International Siberian Conference on Control and Communications (SIBCON), pp. 1-4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1109/SIBCON.2015.7147050.
[18] A. K. Ahmed and H. Al-Khazraji, "Optimal control design for propeller pendulum systems using gorilla troops optimization," Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 575-582, 2023, https://doi.org/10.18280/jesa.560407.
[19] H. Al-Khazraji, C. Cole, and W. Guo, "Analysing the impact of different classical controller strategies on the dynamics performance of production-inventory systems using state space approach," Journal of Modelling in Management, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 211-235, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-08-2016-0071.
[20] M. N. Mustafa, "Simulation of electromagnetic suspension functioning processes in the MATLAB/Simulink system," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 2060, no. 1, p. 012028, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2060/1/012028.
[21] H. Al-Khazraji, R. M. Naji, and M. K. Khashan, "Optimization of sliding mode and back-stepping controllers for AMB systems using gorilla troops algorithm," Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 417-424, 2024, https://doi.org/10.18280/jesa.570211.
[22] E. Santi, A. Monti, Donghong Li, K. Proddutur and R. A. Dougal, "Synergetic control for DC-DC boost converter: implementation options," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1803-1813, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2003.818967.
[23] M. F. Badr, E. H. Karam, and N. M. Mjeed, "Control design of damper mass spring system based on backstepping controller scheme," International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 181-187, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1556/1848.2020.20049.
[24] H. Al-Khazraji, W. Guo, A. J. Humaidi, "Improved cuckoo search optimization for production inventory control systems," Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 187-200, 2024, https://doi.org/10.2298/SJEE2402187A.
[25] H. Al-Khazraji, "Comparative study of whale optimization algorithm and flower pollination algorithm to solve workers assignment problem," International Journal of Production Management and Engineering, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 91-98, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2022.16736.
[26] H. Al-Khazraji, S. Khlil, and Z. Alabacy, "Cuckoo search optimization for solving product mix problem," IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1105, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1105/1/012016.
[27] S. Khlil, H. Al-Khazraji, and Z. Alabacy, "Solving assembly production line balancing problem using greedy heuristic method," IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 745, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/745/1/012068.
[28] F. Alhamudi, J. N. Elquthb, Qurtubi and I. P. Rachmadewi, "Analysis of Competitiveness and Halal Logistics of Small and Medium Industry in Beverage," 2023 International Conference On Cyber Management And Engineering (CyMaEn), pp. 103-107, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1109/CyMaEn57228.2023.10051071.
[29] Z. N. Mahmood, H. Al-Khazraji, and S. M. Mahdi, "Adaptive control and enhanced algorithm for efficient drilling in composite materials," Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 507-512, 2023, https://doi.org/10.18280/jesa.560319.
[30] R. A. Kadhim, M. Q. Kadhim, H. Al-Khazraji, and A. J. Humaidi, "Bee algorithm based control design for two-links robot arm systems," IIUM Engineering Journal, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 367-380, 2024, https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v25i2.3188.
[31] A. K. Ahmed, H. Al-Khazraji, and S. M. Raafat, "Optimized PI-PD control for varying time delay systems based on modified Smith predictor," International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 331-342, 2024, https://doi.org/10.22266/ijies2024.0229.30.
[32] H. Al-Khazraji, K. Al-Badri, R. Al-Majeez, and A. J. Humaidi, "Synergetic control design based sparrow search optimization for tracking control of driven-pendulum system," Journal of Robotics and Control, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1549-1556, 2024, https://doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v5i5.22893.
[33] F. R. Yaseen, M. Q. Kadhim, H. Al-Khazraji, and A. J. Humaidi, "Decentralized control design for heating system in multi-zone buildings based on whale optimization algorithm," Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 981-989, 2024, https://doi.org/10.18280/jesa.570406.
[34] H. Al-Khazraji, K. Al-Badri, R. Almajeez, and A. J. Humaidi, "Synergetic control-based sea lion optimization approach for position tracking control of ball and beam system," International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1547-1560, 2024, https://doi.org/10.31763/ijrcs.v4i4.1551.
[35] M. Q. Kadhim, F. R. Yaseen, H. Al-Khazraji and A. J. Humaidi, "Application of Terminal Synergetic Control Based Water Strider Optimizer for Magnetic Bearing Systems,” Journal of Robotics and Control, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1973-1979, 2024, https://doi.org/10.31763/ijrcs.v4i4.1551.
[36] F. R. Al-Ani, O. F. Lutfy and H. Al-Khazraji, "Optimal Backstepping and Feedback Linearization Controllers Design for Tracking Control of Magnetic Levitation System: A Comparative Study,” Journal of Robotics and Control, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1888-1896, 2024, https://doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v5i6.24073.
[37] S. Saremi, S. Mirjalili, and A. Lewis, "Grasshopper optimisation algorithm: theory and application," Advances in Engineering Software, vol. 105, pp. 30-47, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2017.01.004.
[38] Y. Meraihi, A. B. Gabis, S. Mirjalili and A. Ramdane-Cherif, "Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm: Theory, Variants, and Applications," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 50001-50024, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3067597.
[39] S. Z. Mirjalili, S. Mirjalili, S. Saremi, H. Faris, and I. Aljarah, "Grasshopper optimization algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems," Applied Intelligence, vol. 48, pp. 805-820, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-017-1019-8.
[40] M. A. AL-Ali, O. F. Lutfy, and H. Al-Khazraji, "Comparative study of various controllers improved by swarm optimization for nonlinear active suspension systems with actuator saturation," International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 870-881, 2024, https://doi.org/10.22266/ijies2024.0831.66.
[41] T. O. Hodson, "Root mean square error (RMSE) or mean absolute error (MAE): When to use them or not," Geoscientific Model Development, vol. 15, pp. 5481-5487, 2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5481-2022.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Rawaa Almajeez, Kareem Albadri, Huthaifa Al-Khazraji, Safanah Ra'afat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
About the Journal | Journal Policies | Author | Information |
International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems
e-ISSN: 2775-2658
Website: https://pubs2.ascee.org/index.php/IJRCS
Email: ijrcs@ascee.org
Organized by: Association for Scientific Computing Electronics and Engineering (ASCEE), Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia, Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan and Kuliah Teknik Elektro
Published by: Association for Scientific Computing Electronics and Engineering (ASCEE)
Office: Jalan Janti, Karangjambe 130B, Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia