The purpose of the International Journal of Education and Learning is to report new insight and foster critical debate about education and learning. The aspects of education focus on education in its broadest sense, including formal modes, from preschool to higher education, contemporary issues, curriculum development, education management, and education policy. The aspects of learning with which the journal is concerned include perspectives across a wide range of teaching, development, curriculum, instruction, innovations, methodology, and technology in education or situated at the convergence of two or more disciplines.

IJELE seeks to help make available new evidence-based theory-practice  and understandings as to the extent and nature of educational and learning change in diverse settings. It stresses the importance of appreciating the interplay of local, national, regional, and global contexts and dynamics in shaping education and learning. The IJELE does not encourage articles containing non-formal education, pure science studies (physics, biology, mathematics, chemistry), and medical education unless their relevance to educational policy and proper teaching-learning development is clearly demonstrated.

IJELE encourages the appropriate use of qualitative, quantitative, action research, and research development (R&D) analytical techniques as means to shed light on key problems of education and learning. The International Journal of Education and Learning welcomes papers from all prospective authors, especially from scholars and practitioners who come from low- and middle-income countries to develop education in these countries, also scholars and practitioners from developed countries to provide experiences and understandings that can be adopted in other countries, both the education system and learning practice.

A manuscript submitted is evaluated through Initial Review by Editorial Editor in Chief/Managing Editor. If the article matches the journal requirements in terms of the scope, originality, novelty sufficiency of experimental data, and format, at least 2 (two) peer reviewers are assigned to review the manuscript with the Double-Blind Peer Review Process. After the review process is finished, the assigned editor makes the decision for the article. If the article needs revision, the manuscript is returned to the authors to revise. After that, the Editor in Chief makes the final decision (accepted or rejected). In each manuscript reviewed, peer reviewers will be rated based on the substantial and technical aspects.

The details of the process are:

1. Manuscript Submission via system (by author).
2. Manuscript Check and Selection (Editorial Editor in Chief/Managing Editor). 
3. Editors have a right to directly accept, reject, or review. Prior to further processing steps, plagiarism check using CrossCheck/iThenticate is applied for each manuscript.
4. Manuscript Reviewing Process (by expert reviewers).
5. Notification of Manuscript Acceptance, Revision, or Rejection (by editor to author based on reviewers comments).
6. Paper Revision (by author)
7. Revision Submission based on Reviewer Suggestion (by author) via system
8. If the reviewer seems to be satisfied with revision, notification for acceptance (by editor in chief). 
9. Galley proof and publishing process.

The steps point number 1 to 5 are considered as 1 round of the peer-reviewing process. The editor or editorial board considers the feedback provided by the peer reviewers and arrives at a decision. The following are the most common decisions:

1. Accepted, as it is. The journal will publish the paper in its original form.
2. Accepted by Minor Revisions, the journal will publish the paper and asks the author to make small corrections (let authors revised with stipulated time).
3. Accepted by Major Revisions, the journal will publish the paper provided the authors make the changes suggested by the reviewers and/or editors (let authors revised with stipulated time).
4. Re-submit (conditional rejection), the journal is willing to reconsider the paper in another round of decision making after the authors make major changes.
5. Rejected (outright rejection), the journal will not publish the paper or reconsider it even if the authors make major revisions.

Authors could recommend potential reviewers on menu “Comments for the Editor” in Open Journal System. Journal editors will check to make sure there are no conflicts of interest before contacting those reviewers and will not consider those with competing interests. Reviewers are asked to declare any conflicts of interest. The editorial team will respect these requests as long as this does not interfere with the objective and thorough assessment of the submission. Assignment of the peer review is based on the expertise and experiences in research and publication relevant to the field of the manuscript to be reviewed. The number of citations and an h-index value of peer reviewers is parameter examples for consideration in assigning as a reviewer.

The Editors of International Journal of Education and Learning issue a set of publication ethics as guidelines for authors engaged in the publication of scientific research to comply with COPE practices and establishes a high-quality standard of ethics for journal publication. This statement is based on COPE’s Best Practice Guidelines.

A. Authorship

Authors are expected to comply with the following ethical guidelines. Any infringement may lead to a retraction of the article or even ban the author from journal publication.

1. The author’s main obligation is to deliver accurate and complete details of the research performed. The research data should contain sufficient information on the related subject.
2. Authors should ensure the originality of their work and that neither fraud nor fabrication is involved in their manuscript.
3. Authors should guarantee that the article has not been published previously or is not being evaluated for publication elsewhere.
4. Authors should ensure that their works do not contain any unlawful statements and/or any comment that may violate the law.
5. Authors are aware of and abide by the misconduct policy.

B. Editorship

1. Editors should provide a fair judgment and consideration to all manuscripts based on its quality with no regard to race, religion, nationality, sex, seniority, or institutional affiliation of the author(s).
2. Editors are responsible to consider all the submitted manuscripts in a reasonable time frame.
3. Editors, with their expertise and fair judgment, are responsible to accept or reject the manuscripts. They are to build good communication with authors in regard to the manuscript’s publication. The final decision will be accompanied by the reviewer’s comment
4. Editors shall make sure no private information of authors is included in the manuscript sent to reviewers
5. Editors should ensure the confidentiality of the submitted manuscript and not disclose any information about the manuscript under consideration to other parties
6. Editors are to respect the author’s request to not use certain reviewers – with a well-reasoned objection - to consider their manuscript. However, editors can decide to use one or more of these reviewers if their professional input is considered to be important for the manuscript’s publication
7. Editors are to comply with COPE practices when considering a manuscript for publication.

C. Reviewer Process

All papers will be critically examined by at least two anonymous reviewers, selected for their competencies in the subject of IJELE aim scope of the paper. Acceptance of the paper will depend upon its scientific merit and suitability for the International Journal of Education and Learning. A paper may be accepted in its original form, subject to revision, or rejection.

The reviewers' (and editors’) suggestions will be conveyed to the author, who will then have an opportunity to revise the paper. A manuscript returned to an author for revision can be held for a maximum of four weeks.

The accepted paper will be edited by native English speakers. The cost of language editing service is included in Article Processing Charge (APC). 

All submitted papers will be checked for their originalities by means of iThenticate/Turnitin.

Reviewers are to comply with the following ethical guidelines:

1. The main obligation of a reviewer (referee) is to objectively judge the complete manuscript both scientifically and literally in high standards
2. Referees should treat the submitted manuscript as confidential documents
3. The referee’s identity should be remained anonymous–unless if the editors decided otherwise.
4. Referees should complete the evaluation of a manuscript in a reasonable time frame and directly inform the editors when the work could not be completed within the schedule.
5. Reviewers should explain and provide adequate professional judgment for their evaluation of a manuscript.
6. Reviewers are to promptly notify the editors should they find the manuscript is expected to be misapplied by others to pose a threat to public health and safety.

D. Conflict of Interest Policy

Authors, Editors and Reviewers are expected to adhere to the following guidelines in compliance with COPE practices.

1. Authors should clearly inform their source of financial support -institution, private, and/or corporate- for their research
2. In case the author and editor of International Journal of Education and Learning have a relationship, which may lead to an unfair evaluation, another editor will be appointed instead.
3. Reviewers should be aware of any appearance of conflict of interest when receiving a manuscript for evaluation and are required to promptly return the manuscript to the editor, informing the conflict-of-interest issue.

E. Data and Responsibility

Data availability and reporting guidelines are available in the 'Author Guidelines' section.

F. Research Misconduct Policy

The purpose of this policy is to prevent any misconduct related to research conducted for the journals and to suggest the fundamental principles and structural procedures in relation to research integrity deliberation required to ensure research ethics. 

The range of misconduct policy

Research misconduct suggested in this policy pertains to fraud and refers to data fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and improper authorship. 

1. "Fabrication" refers to any activity involving the creation of false information about non-existing data or findings.
2. "Falsification" refers to the artificial manipulation of the research materials/equipment/process or random modification/deletion of data resulting in distorted research contents or research results.
3. "Plagiarism" refers to acts of pirating others’ ideas, research contents, and research results without justifiable approvals or quotations.
4. "Improper authorship" refers to cases where the person who has contributed to research contents or research results is scientifically and technically unqualified as an author or where someone who has not contributed to the research contents or research results scientifically and technically but has been listed as an author merely to express gratitude or courtesy
5. Intentional acts to disturb a fraud investigation about themselves or others or acts which can be harmful to informants
6. Unfair evaluation regarding research of others or disclosure or pirating of research ideas or research results acquired during the evaluation process.
7. Severely aberrant acts that cannot be accepted in the community of the field of science and technology.

How does the journal address misconduct?

Editors and publishers have an ethical obligation to:

1. Support the quality and ethics of the review process (pre-publication: weed out; prevent)
2. Ensure the correctness of the published literature (post-publication: correct; communicate)
3. Educate (prevent)

Editors/journals have an ethical obligation to respond and to address ethical allegations that may arise about published papers or papers in review. Systems and procedures are in place for investigating and addressing situations of misconduct, including cooperation with investigations from institutions or funding bodies.

Possible sanction

When the evidence of misconduct is confirmed, the following procedures are to be applied:

1. Prior to publication (during review): The manuscript can be withdrawn from review
2. Post-publication (literature correction) The journal may publish a Retraction, Note of Editorial Concern, Errata/Correction with the author or all authors’ signature or editorial of an appropriate statement about the situation. The paper can be “marked” in the literature
3. Editors determine whether retract or correct after considering whether the case is fraud or an honest mistake. They consider the intent and then the extent to which the data is incorrect/misleading
4. Editors may, in some cases, provide information for other editors/publishers.
5. Editors may publish an editorial in the journal to discuss the issue generally and raise awareness of the issue.

G. Ethical Oversight

All submitted articles and exchanging information involving authors and editors in International Journal of Education and Learning will be considered confidential. Communications related to the publication process should not be disclosed on any website without prior consent from the editors.

The names and email addresses entered in International Journal of Education and Learning site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

Regarding research involving experiments on animals, the authors should ensure that the object is fully assessed in terms of any harm to the animals. This involves a detailed examination of the particular procedures and experiments, and the numbers and types of animals used. The animals subjected to the experiment are to adhere to institutional and national guidelines. The manuscripts are required to declare that all efforts were performed to reduce animal suffering.

H. Intellectual Properties

Disclaimer

The viewpoint of articles published in International Journal of Education and Learning are solely the authors’ and does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the editorial boards.

Copyright

The author is responsible for acquiring permission(s) to reproduce any copyrighted figures, tables, data, or text that are being used in the submitted paper. Authors should note that text quotations of more than 250 words from a published or copyrighted work will require a grant of permission from the original publisher to reprint. The written permission letter(s) must be submitted together with the manuscript.

Publishing

This journal uses Open Journal System which is a journal management and publishing software developed, supported, and distributed by the Public Knowledge Project (PKP).

I. Journal Management

Online: This Journal is available online and can be accessed for free

Charges: Publication in this journal is through Article Processing Charge scheme and all published papers are available online through open access.

J. Post Publication - Discussion and Correction

International Journal of Education and Learning follows the guidance from COPE in regard to ethical concerns for published articles. Complaints and Appeal Editor in Chief email at ijele@ascee.org is available for contact should the authors have an objection or disagreement pertaining to the publication process in International Journal of Education and Learning. Every complaint will be acknowledged and handled to resolve the issue accordingly. In addition, articles may be retracted due to both scientific and/or ethical reasons, which can be requested by the author(s) or by the Editor. Articles that are found to be seriously flawed or violated ethical guidance from COPE will be retracted in order to correct the scientific record. The retracted article will be noticed on the journal's website alongside information regarding the reason for the retraction.

The papers published in the International Journal of Education and Learning will be considered to retract in the publication if :

1. They have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g. data fabrication) or honest error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error)
2. the findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper crossreferencing, permission or justification (i.e. cases of redundant publication)
3. it constitutes plagiarism
4. it reports unethical research

The mechanism of retraction follows the Retraction Guidelines of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) which can be accessed at https://publicationethics.org/files/retraction%20guidelines.pdf.

CrossMark 

CrossMark is a multi-publisher initiative from Crossref to provide a standard way for readers to locate the current version of a piece of content.

By applying the Crossmark logo, the International Journal of Education and Learning is committing to maintaining the content it publishes and to alerting readers to changes if and when they occur. 

Clicking on the Crossmark logo on a document will tell you the current status of a document and may also give you additional publication record information about the document.

For more information on CrossMark, please visit the CrossMark site.

The International Journal of Education and Learning content that will have the CrossMark logo is restricted to current and future journal content and is limited to specific publication types. Articles in Press will not have the CrossMark icon for the present.

For general author guidelines and information, please see: http://pubs2.ascee.org/index.php/ijele/about/submissions#authorGuidelines

Correction and Retraction Policies

The International Journal of Education and Learning is committed to upholding the integrity of the literature and publishes Errata, Expressions of Concerns or Retraction Notices dependent on the situation and in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines. More information about the publication of ethics International Journal of Education and Learning can be found on Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement and information about COPE retraction guidelines can be accessed at Retraction page.

Papers submitted to the International Journal of Education and Learning will be screened for plagiarism using CrossCheck/iThenticate plagiarism detection tools. International Journal of Education and Learning will immediately reject papers leading to plagiarism or self-plagiarism.

Before submitting articles to reviewers, those are first checked for similarity/plagiarism tool, by a member of the editorial team. The papers submitted to the International Journal of Education and Learning must have a similarity level of less than 15%.

Plagiarism is the exposing of another person’s thoughts or words as though they were your own, without permission, credit, or acknowledgment, or because of failing to cite the sources properly. Plagiarism can take diverse forms, from literal copying to paraphrasing the work of another. In order to properly judge whether an author has plagiarized, we emphasize the following possible situations:

• An author can literally copy another author’s work- by copying word by word, in whole or in part, without permission, acknowledge or citing the original source. This practice can be identified by comparing the original source and the manuscript/work who is suspected of plagiarism.
• Substantial copying implies for an author to reproduce a substantial part of another author, without permission, acknowledge or citation. The substantial term can be understood both in terms of quality as quantity, being often used in the context of Intellectual property. Quality refers to the relative value of the copied text in proportion to the work as a whole.
• Paraphrasing involves taking ideas, words or phrases from a source and crafting them into new sentences within the writing. This practice becomes unethical when the author does not properly cite or does not acknowledge the original work/author. This form of plagiarism is the more difficult form to be identified.

The author is not allowed to withdraw submitted manuscripts, because the withdrawal is a waste of valuable resources that editors and referees spent a great deal of time processing submitted manuscript, and works invested by the publisher.

If author still requests the withdrawal of his/her manuscript when the manuscript is still in the peer-reviewing process, the author will be punished with paying $200 per manuscript, as a withdrawal penalty to the publisher. However, it is unethical to withdraw a submitted manuscript from one journal if accepted by another journal.

The withdrawal of the manuscript after the manuscript is accepted for publication, the author will be punished by paying US$400 per manuscript. Withdrawal of the manuscript is only allowed after the withdrawal penalty has been fully paid to the Publisher. If the author doesn't agree to pay the penalty, the author and his/her affiliation will be blacklisted for publication in this journal. Even, his/her previously published articles will be removed from our online system.

Understand the International Journal of Education and Learning (IJELE)'s article sharing and posting policies for each stage of the article life cycle.

Prior to submission to IJELE
Authors may post their article anywhere at any time, including on preprint servers such as arXiv.org. This does not count as a prior publication.

Upon submission to IJELE
Authors may share or post their submitted version of the article (also known as the preprint) in the following ways:

1. On the author’s personal website or their employer’s website
2. On institutional or funder websites if required
3. In the author’s own classroom use
4. On Scholarly Collaboration Networks (SCNs) that are signatories to the International Association of Scientific, Technical, and Medical Publishers’ Sharing Principles (https://www.stm-assoc.org/stm-consultations/scn-consultation-2015/)

1. Author’s personal website
2. Author’s employer’s website
3. arXiv.org
4. Funder’s repository*

1. When the article is published, the posted version should be updated with a full citation to the original of International Journal of Education and Learning, including DOI. He or she will need to replace the accepted version with the published article version of IJELE.
2. The article will be followed statements on the IJELE's copyright notice at http://pubs2.ascee.org/index.php/ijele/abou/submissions#copyrightNotice.

International Journal of Education and Learning
ISSN 2684-9240
Published by Association for Scientific Computing Electronics and Engineering (ASCEE)
W : http://pubs2.ascee.org/index.php/ijele
E : zalik@ascee.org

View IJELE Stats

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.