Design a New Multiport DC-DC Converter to Charge an Electric Car

(1) Amin Abedini Rizi Mail (Mulla Sadra Technical university, Iran, Islamic Republic of)
(2) * Ali Rezaei Mail (Quchan University of Technology, Iran, Islamic Republic of)
(3) Mohammadreza Ghorbani Rizi Mail (Beheshti Ardakan Technical University, Iran, Islamic Republic of)
(4) Mohammadmahdi Aliakbari Rizi Mail (Shahrekurd University, Iran, Islamic Republic of)
*corresponding author

Abstract


Due to the lack of oil and gas, electric cars have been in high demand in recent years. There are three kinds of electric vehicles, including Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV).  There is no charging portion for the batteries in the HEV where the batteries are not connected to the power grid, but BEV and PHEV can be charged by a power outlet, and the number of batteries is increased. In order to charge the battery of the Electric Vehicles (EVs), there are two ways, including the power grid and renewable energies. There are already quite a few outages in many countries, and using a power grid for charging the batteries is not suitable. Therefore, the only choice is renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV), fuel-cell (FC), and so on. Furthermore, to use the DC voltage of the renewable sources, two conventional DC-DC converters are required to deliver the energy of the sources to the bank of batteries. To feed the batteries, this paper proposes a two-input one output topology that contains PV, FC, and other components. Simulation results demonstrate that the presented system is improving the system because it is able to feed the batteries with low power losses and low ripples.

Keywords


Photovoltaic System; Fuel cell System; DC-DC Converter; Electric Car’s Battery System

   

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31763/ijrcs.v2i1.566
      

Article metrics

10.31763/ijrcs.v2i1.566 Abstract views : 1735 | PDF views : 715

   

Cite

   

Full Text

Download

References


[1] V. Lozhkin, O. Lozhkina, and V. Dobromirov, "A study of air pollution by exhaust gases from cars in well courtyards of Saint Petersburg," Transportation research procedia, vol. 36, p. 453-458, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2018.12.124.

[2] C. E. S. Thomas, ""How green are electric vehicles?"," International journal of hydrogen energy, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 6053-6062, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.12.118.

[3] T. R. Hawkins, O. M. Gausen, and A. H. Strømman, "Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehicles—a review," The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 997-1014, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0440-9.

[4] N. Martin and J. Rice, "Power outages, climate events, and renewable energy: Reviewing energy storage policy and regulatory options for Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 137, p. 110617, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110617.

[5] S. P. Holland, E. T. Mansur, N. Z. Muller, and A. J. Yates, "Distributional effects of air pollution from electric vehicle adoption," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 6, no. S1, p. S65-S94, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1086/701188.

[6] L. S. Martins, L. F. Guimarães, A. B. B. Junior, J. A. S. Tenório, and D. C. R. Espinosa, "Electric car battery: An overview on global demand, recycling and future approaches towards sustainability," Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 295, p. 113091, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113091.

[7] B. Moaveni, F. R. Fathabadi, and A. Molavi, "Fuzzy control system design for wheel slip prevention and tracking of desired speed profile in electric trains," Asian Journal of Control, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 388-400, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1002/asjc.2472.

[8] S. S. Deshmukh and J. M. Pearce, "Electric vehicle charging potential from retail parking lot solar photovoltaic awnings," Renewable Energy, vol. 169, pp. 608-617, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.01.068

[9] M. A. Hannan, F. Azidin, and A. Mohamed, "Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 29, pp. 135-150, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.097.

[10] T. Wilberforce, Z. El-Hassan, F. N. Khatib, A. Al Makky, A. Baroutaji, J. G. Carton, and A. G. Olabi, "Developments of electric cars and fuel cell hydrogen electric cars," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 42, no. 40, pp. 25695-25734, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.054

[11] P. Eskandari and S. B. Shokouhi, "Automated Atlas-Based Segmentation of Breast Region in 3-D Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Using FCM Method," Mapta Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (MJECE), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 28-34, 2021, https://maptapublishing.com/index.php/mjece/article/view/175

[12] P. Eskandari and S. B. Shokouhi, "DT-CWT: A New Feature for Tumor Classification in Breast DCE-MRI," Mapta Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (MJECE), vol. 3, no. 1, p. 35-39, 2021, https://maptapublishing.com/index.php/mjece/article/view/180.

[13] M. Dhananjaya and S. Pattnaik, "Review on Multi-Port DC–DC Converters," IETE Technical Review, pp. 1-14, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1080/02564602.2021.1882343

[14] Z. Li, A. Khajepour, and J. Song, "A comprehensive review of the key technologies for pure electric vehicles," Energy, vol. 182, p. 824-839, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.077

[15] S.Wang, Z. Zheng, C. Li, K. Wang, and Y. Li, "Time domain analysis of reactive components and optimal modulation for isolated dual active bridge DC/DC converters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 34, no. 8, p. 7143-7146, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2019.2897007

[16] S. Chakraborty, H.-N. Vu, M. M. Hasan, D.-D. Tran, M. E. Baghdadi, and O. Hegazy, "DC-DC converter topologies for electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and fast charging stations: State of the art and future trends," Energies, vol. 12, no. 8, p. 1569, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/en12081569

[17] S. Dinkhah, C. A. Negri, M. He, and S. B. Bayne, "V2G for reliable microgrid operations: Voltage/frequency regulation with virtual inertia emulation," 2019 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC), 2019, pp. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC.2019.8790615.

[18] S. Dinkhah and M. He, "Self-adjusting Inertia Emulation Control in V2G Application," 2020 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech), 2020, pp. 127-132, https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech46478.2020.9289787.

[19] Villegas-Mier, C.G., et al., "Artificial neural networks in MPPT algorithms for optimization of photovoltaic power systems: A review," Micromachines, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 1260, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12101260.

[20] R. S. Taremi, P. K. Shahri, and A. Y. Kalareh, "Design a tracking control law for the nonlinear continuous time fuzzy polynomial systems," Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Support Systems, vol. 6, no. 6, p. 21-27, 2019, http://www.jscdss.com/index.php/files/article/view/216

[21] A. Yousefiankalareh, A. Najari, and M. Hosseynzadeh, "Tree-based Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks using Optimization Algorithm Batch Particles with a Mobile Sink," 2020 IEEE 17th International Conference on Smart Communities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT, IoT and AI (HONET), 2020, pp. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET50430.2020.9322844

[22] F. Shahabi, A. Rouhi, and R. Rastegari, "The Performance of Deep and Conventional Machine Learning Techniques for Skin Lesion Classification," 2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Smart Communities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT, IoT and AI (HONET), 2021, pp. 50-55, https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET53078.2021.9615400

[23] A. Balal and M. Giesselmann, "Demand Side Management and Economic Analysis Using Battery Storage System (BSS) and Solar Energy," 2021 IEEE 4th International Conference on Power and Energy Applications (ICPEA), 2021, pp. 141-146, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPEA52760.2021.9639359.

[24] B. Moaveni, F. R. Fathabadi, and A. Molavi, "Supervisory predictive control for wheel slip prevention and tracking of desired speed profile in electric trains," ISA transactions, vol. 101, pp. 102-115, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2020.01.011

[25] A. Sabadus and M. Paulescu, "On the Nature of the One-Diode Solar Cell Model Parameters," Energies, vol. 14, no. 13, p. 3974, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133974

[26] R. B. Bollipo, S. Mikkili, and P. K. Bonthagorla, "Critical review on PV MPPT techniques: classical, intelligent and optimisation," IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1433-1452, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.1163.

[27] A. Balal and F. Shahabi, "Ltspice Analysis of Double-Inductor Quadratic Boost Converter in Comparison with Quadratic Boost and Double Cascaded Boost Converter," 2021 12th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), 2021, pp. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCNT51525.2021.9579931.

[28] E. Kabir, P. Kumar, S. Kumar, A. A. Adelodun, and K. -H. Kim, "Solar energy: Potential and future prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 82, pp. 894-900, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.094

[29] M. K. H. Rabaia, M. A. Abdelkareem, E. T. Sayed, K. Elsaid, K.-J. Chae, T. Wilberforce, and A. G. Olabi, "Environmental impacts of solar energy systems: A review," Science of The Total Environment, vol. 754, p. 141989, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141989.

[30] J. Crosby, H. R. K. M. Emani, X. Zhang, D. Maddipatla, S. Ahmadi, Q. Wu, B. Bazuin, M. Stoops, and M. Atashbar, "Development of a Zn/MnO 2 Based Flexible Battery," 2021 IEEE International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC), 2021, pp. 0035-0037, https://doi.org/10.1109/IFETC49530.2021.9580507.

[31] S. Ahmadi, G. Wang, D. Maddipatla, Q. Wu, W. Lu, and M. Z. Atashbar, "Investigating the Impact of Thickness, Calendering and Channel Structures of Printed Electrodes on the Energy Density of LIBs-3D Simulation and Validation," 2021 IEEE International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC), 2021, pp. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1109/IFETC49530.2021.9580515.

[32] A. Balal and M. Herrera, "Design a Power Converter to Charge a Hybrid Electric Vehicle," 2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Smart Communities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT, IoT and AI (HONET), 2021, pp. 56-60, https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET53078.2021.9615492.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Amin Abedini Rizi, Ali Rezaei, Mohammadreza Ghorbani Rizi, Mohammadmahdi Aliakbari Rizi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 


About the JournalJournal PoliciesAuthor Information

International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems
e-ISSN: 2775-2658
Website: https://pubs2.ascee.org/index.php/IJRCS
Email: ijrcs@ascee.org
Organized by: Association for Scientific Computing Electronics and Engineering (ASCEE)Peneliti Teknologi Teknik IndonesiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan and Kuliah Teknik Elektro
Published by: Association for Scientific Computing Electronics and Engineering (ASCEE)
Office: Jalan Janti, Karangjambe 130B, Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia